Sand-blast apparatus



3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED JAN. 12, 1904. W R KING SAND BLAST APPARATUS.

APPLIOAIION I'ILED MAY 21, 1903.

N0 MODEL.

. wnmzssts:

No. 749,488. PATENTED JAN. 12, 1904.

A W. R. KING.

SAND BLAST APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 21, 1903.

NUMODEL 3 SHEETS-SHBET 2.

4/ 1 46 1 40 1 7 A I I 47 Mauls-113 PATENTED JAN. 12 1904.

w. R. KING. SAND BLAST APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 21, 1903.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

L E D 0 H 0 N WITNESSES? INVENTORI Ni 1111s 1n V a TORNEY UNITED STATESV Patented January 12, 1904.

PATENT OFFIcE.

wiLLis n, KING, on E YORK, N. Y., AssieNon TO THE HANSON & VAN WINKLEcoMrANY, A ooaPonA'rioN oF-Nnw JERSEY.

SAN D-BLAST APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming. p r of Letters Paten No- 749,488, date January12, 1904. v Application and m 21,1903. 8erial1i'o.158,093- on model.)

1'0 (11/ "In/tom, it 1m n concern:

Be it known that I, VV'ILLIs R. KI G, a citizen 'of the United States,rcsidingatNew York, in the county; of New York and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sand-BlastApparatus; and 1 do hereby declare the following to;

be a full, clear, and exact description of-the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same, reference bc'lnghad to theaccompanymg drawings, and to figuresof reference marked thereon, which form apart ofthis specification.

The present invention has reference to sandblast machines; and thisinventionrelates more particularly; to that class of sand-blast;

machines or apparatuswherein the force of a et of air or othersimllarly-actlng medlum d rlves particles of an abrading materlal, suchas sand or the like, against thesurfaces of abrading material at anozzle located above the work, the action of the blast or force of airor othermedium being such that the jet or stream of abrading material is'more efi'ectively distributed over the article, which is to betreated." I

Other objects of the present. invention are to facilitate the operationsof surfacing and" to give enhanced results with the use of a re ducedamount of. sand orother abrading material. i

Other objects of the present invention'not at this time moreparticularly specified will be clearly evident from the followingdetailed description of my invention.

The present invention therefore consists in the novel construction ofsand-blast machine hereinafter set forth; and, furthermore, thisinvention consists in the various arrangements and combinations ofdevices and their parts, as well as in' the details of the constructionthereof, all of which will be hereinafter more fully described,an d thenfinally embodied in the clauses of the claim.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying sheets ofdrawings, in which' Figure 1 1s a front elevatlon of a sand-blastapparatus and devices connected therewith,

all embodying the principles of the present invention. Fig. 2 is atransverse vertical section,- on an enlarged scale, of a feed hopper,nozzle,and pipe connections to be used with the operating chamber orcompartment 'inwhich the jet or stream of abrading mateof modified meansfor forcibly bringing an abrading material into the operatingchan1 her,and Fig. 7 is a longitudinal vertical secopenings 3 for the insertion ofthe hands and for properly manipulating the work within the said chamberor compartment. The bottom 4 of the said casing 1 is preferably made inthe shape of afunnel or hopper, beingformed with an outlet 5, to whichis attached a pipe or duct 6, provided with a valve 7. The dome 8 ofsaid casing, which may be made in the manner of a removable cover. isprovided with glass or other suitable windows 9 for the inspection ofthe work within the casing 1 and fornoting the proper supply of theabrading material. Suitably, arranged in an opening in said dome 8 isanozzle 10, which may be closed at the bottom by means of a suitable ofthe hopper 15.

gate Hand is provided with a. flange 12 or other suitable supportresting directly upon said dome 8 and secured in place by means of boltsor screws 13. The said nozzle 10 is provided above the said flange 12'with a funnelshaped receiving portion 14, in which suitably secured theoutlet 16 of a hopper-15.

This hopper is closed at the top by means'ofmentioned valve 7 is a pipe20, which leads into the interior of a fitting 21, as shown and for thepurposes hereinafter more particularly specified. Connected with anoutlet 22 of said fitting 21 is another pipe 23, which is connected withthe pipe 19 by means of a flexible or other suitable tube 24. The saidfitting 21 is made with another inlet, as 25, with which is connecteda'pipe or duct 26, provided with a valve 27. The interior of the saidfitting 21 is preferably made with a cone-shaped baffle 28, having anopening 29, with which the one end of the pipe or duct 26 is in directcommunication.

The reference character 30 indicates a suitable blower, having asuitable inlet, as 31, connected therewith and an outlet 32. This outletis preferably connected with a stand or other suitable pipe 33, having afour-way fitting 34, with the respective openings of which are connecteda safety-valve 35, an air-chamber 36, and an outlet or discharge duct orpipe 37. This pipe 37 is suitably connected with the pipe or duct 26 andhas afitting 38, to which is attached another pipe or duct 39. Slidablyand adjustably arranged in an opening 40 in the cover 17 of the hopper15 is a flexible or other suitable tubing 41, whichis attached at itsoneend'outside of said hopper to a pipe 42, in which there may be avalve 43. This pipe 42 is connected by means of an elbow 44 with thepipe or duct 39, all of which is clearly illustrated in Fig.1 of thedrawings.

Leading from the dome 8 of the casing 1 is a dust-exhaust orback-pressure pipe or duct 45, with which may be connected a pipe orduct 46, having its free end portion movably arranged in a suitableopening in the cover-17 This pipe or duct 46 is also v for the purposeof carrying ofi the dust from the hopper 15 when the apparatus is inoperait will be seen that there is attached in any suitable manner tothe end portion 47 of the tubing 41 a pipe 48, said pipe being providedat its lower end with a discharge-nozzle 49, which terminates directlywithin the inner portion of the previously-mentioned mixingnozzle 10,substantially as illustrated. This discharge-nozzle 49 is preferablymade with the tapering surface 50 conforming with the inner taperingsurface of the hopper 15, as

shown, whereby a suitable passage in the manner of a valve is providedfor the, flow of thesand-or other abrading material from the hopper 15into the mixing-nozzle 10 and thence into the interior of the casing 1.By raising or lowering the said discharge-nozzle 49 by sliding thetubing 41 in the opening 40, as will be clearly understood, thesaid'passage for the abrading material may be made larger or smaller,whereby the flow and the supply-of the material through the nozzle 10can 'be easily regulated according' to circumstances.

.Another means for-raising or lowering the said nozzle 49 is thatillustrated in saidFig. 2, and

the same consists-in prbviding the lower end portion of the pipe or tube48 with. a screwthread 51, the nozzle 49 being made with a correspondingscrew threaded socket 52, so that the said nozzle49 can be turned up ordown upon the thread 51 to suitably adjust the nozzle 49, as will beclearly evident. That the said pipe or duct 48 may be retained in afixed central position against vibration in the hopper 15 a brace orbraces 53, provided with a central hub 54, in which the. pipe 48 isarranged, may be secured within the said hopper 15, as illustrated.

Havingthus described one general arrangement and construction of theparts of the apparatus, I will now set forth in detail the operation ofthe same.

Having placed a sufiicient quantity of sand or other abrading materialeither in the hopper 15 or in the casing 1, the valve 7 and the gate 11are opened. The valves 27 and 43 are alsoopened and the blower 3.0set'in motion. Immediately the air is forced through the respectivepipes or ducts intothe fitting 21 and also by means of the pipe 48 intothe mixingnozzle 10. Now whether the sand or other abrading material wasplaced in the hopper 15 or in the casing'l by its own gravitation itwill flow from the outlet 5 through the valve 7 and pipe 20 into thefitting 21 and directly in frontof the opening 29 of the baffle-plate 28in said fitting.v The air coming from the pipe 26 and being forced fromthe opening 29 immediately takes up the sand and blows it through thepipes 23, 24, and 19 back into the hopper 15, where it falls bygravitation into the mixing-nozzle 10, and is then forced by the aircoming from the nozzle 49 directly into the operating-chamber of thecasing 1 and upon the work which is being manipulated by the operatordirectly beneath the stream or jet or sand. Thus a continuouscirculation of the sand or other material is maintained, the sand orother material being repeatedly used over and over, without any undueloss of the sand or loss of time on the part of the workman. I Duringthe operations of the apparatus any back pressure is relieved throughthe pipes 45 and 46, which also carry I IIO material maybe properly andforcibly conducted in a stream or jet from "themixingnozzlre l havefound by practical demonstration to obtain the best results thatit is'es-.

sential to conduct the jet of air to the inte= rior. of the stream ofsand, for WlllCll reason 1 conduct the sand through the space formedbetween the outer surface of thenozzle 49 and all the particles of thesand or other material used to pass from the outlet of the nozzle 10with the greatest possible force andgreater efiiciency in moreeffectively abrading the surthe lower interior surface of the hopper 15,leading the jet of air directly into theinterior of the jetof sand, andtherel iy" causing face of an article or a piece of glass or metal whichis manipulated in the chamber of the casing 1 andbeneath the said nozzle10.

In lieu of the hopper 15 I may employ the modifiedarrangement of partsillustrated in "Fig. 5 of the drawings.

I use in place of the hopper 15 a box or cas- In this construction ing55,- provided with a large and preferably 59 on saidcasing by means of aset-screw 60,

as shown. Within the said tube 57 and slidably arranged in an opening 61in the upper part of thebox 55 is an air-tube 62, having a discharge end63, located in close proximity to the discharge end 58 of the tube 57and upon its upper end above the said box 55 it has attached theretotheflexible tubing 41. Secured in a suitable opening 64 in the side of thesaid box 55 is thepipe 19, to which is attached the flexible or othertubing 24 in the manner of the construction of apparatusrepresented inFigs. 1 and 2. The said casing or box 55 may also provided with anoutlet or cock 65 for .relieving any back pressure or for the removalofany dust during the operation of the apparatus. Insteadfof forcing theair directly into the interior of the jet of sand or other abradingmaterial, as set forth in the constructions illustrated in said Figs. 1,2, and 5, Imay reverse this arrangement, and, if desired, I may feed thesand directly into a column of air. This arrangement is clearlyillustrated in Fig. 6. c In this device a casing or box 66 is used, thesaid box having an inlet 67, to which the tubing tlis attached. The airis forced directly into the said box 66 and into an outlet-tube 68,which is secured in an opening 69 in the lower partof the box. This tube68 is secured in the opening in the casing 1 by means of the collar 59in the manner 60 illustrated. The said tube 68 is also provided with adischarge nozzle 70. Suitably arranged within said tube 68 is a sandconveying tube? 1, having a discharge-nozzle 7 2 and having its upperelbow portion 7 3 arranged in the said box 66 and slipped through anopening 74 in the side of the said box, where it is held by a nut orunion 75. Into this nut or .union 75 is also secured the screwthreadedend of the said conveying-pipe 19. The operation of this device will beclearly understood from an inspection of said Fig; 6, and it will beclearly seen that by this means the airis mixed with the sand or otherabrading material by encircling the same instead of beingforced directlyinto the interior of .the

stream or jet of abrading material, as in the other constructions.

From the above description of my invention it will be evident thatl havedevised a simplyoperatingand eflicient sand-blast apparatus.

1 am fully aware that changes may be made in the various arrangementsand combinations of the devices and their parts, as well asin thedetails of the construction thereof, without departing from the scope ofmypresentinvention. Hence I do not limit my invention to the exactarrangements and combinations of the devices and their parts asdescribed in the previous specification and as illustrated in the'accompanylng drawlngs, nor doI confine myself to the exact detailsofthe construction of thesaid parts. 1 Having thus described myinvention, what- I claim is- 1.. In a sand-blast apparatus, thecombination, with a casing, ofwmeans connected with .SEtld casing forreceiving an abrading material, and emitting the same in a jet, andmeans connected therewith for conducting a. jet of air directly into theinterior of the jet of abrading material for mixing the same with theair and admitting the same under pressure into saidcasing, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

2; In asand-bla'st apparatus, the combination, with a casing having aninlet and an out let, of means connected with said outlet and inlet forpermitting a continuous supply of abrading material and emitting thesame-in a a jet through said casing, and means for conducting a jet ofair directly into the interior of the jet of abrading material forproducing an admixture of the abrading material and air under pressureat the point of inlet into said casing, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

3. In a sand-blast apparatus, the combination, with a casing having aninlet and an outlet, for emitting an abrading material in a jet of amixing-nozzle connected with said inlet, and an air-discharging nozzlein said mixingnozzle, for conducting a jet of air directly into theinterior of the jet of abrading material, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

4:. In a sand-blast apparatus, the combination, with a casing having aninlet and an out let, for emitting an abrading material in a jet, of amixing-nozzle connected with said inlet,

, and an air-discharging nozzle adjustably ar- I a jet of air directlyinto the interior. of thejet of abrading material, substantially as andfor .the purposes set forth. I

1 let, ofa mixing-nozzle connected with said inlet, a hopper, secured tosaid mixing-nozzle, and means forconveying an, abradlng material I andair under pressure into said hopper, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

6. In a sand-blast apparatus, the combination, with a casing having aninlet and an out. let, of a mixing-nozzle connected with said inlet, ahopper secured to said mixing-nozzle, means for conveying an abradingmaterial and air under pressure into said hopper, and

an exhaust connected with said hopper, sub- 7 stantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

7. In a sand-blast apparatus, the combination, with a casing having aninlet and an outlet, of a mixing-nozzle connected with said in: let, ahopper secured to said mixing-nozzle, means connected with said hopperfor con ducting an abrading material into said hopper,. adischarge-nozzle within said mixing-nozzle, and an air-duct connectedwith said dischargenozzle, substantially as. and for the purposes setforth.

8. In a sand-blast apparatus, the combination, with a casing having aninlet andan outlet, of a mixing-nozzle connected with said inlet, ahopper secured to said mixing-nozzle, means connected with said hopperfor conducting an abrading material into said hopper,.a discharge-nozzlewithin said mixingnozzle, an air-duct connected with said.discharge-nozzle, and an exhaust connected with said hopper,substantially as and for the pur poses set forth. p

4 9. In a sand-blast apparatus, the combination, with a casing having aninlet and an outvlet, of a mixing-nozzle connected with said inlet, ahopper secured to said mixing-nozzle, means connected with said hopperforconducting an abrading material. into said 'hopper, 'adischarge-nozzle adjustably arranged within said mixing-nozzle, and anair-duct connected with said adjustable discharge-nozzle, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

10. In a sand-blast apparatus, the combination, with a casing having aninlet and an outlet, of a hopper connected with said casing, asand-conveying pipe connected at one end with said outlet and at theother end with said hopper, means connected with said pipe forconducting air under pressure into said sandconveying pipe, and meansfor conducting air under pressure into said hopper, substantially as andfor the purposes set forth.

11. In a sand-blast apparatus, the combination, with a casing having aninlet and an outlet, of a mixing-nozzle connected with said inlet, ahopper attached 'to-said mixing-nozzle,

sand under pressure through: the said mixingnozzle, substantially as andsetforth.

12. In a sand-blast apparatus, the combinaor the purposes tion, with acasing having an inletand an 'outlet, of a mixing-nozzle connected withsaid inlet, a hopper attached to'said mixing-nozzle, asand-conveying-pipe connected at one end with said outlet and at theother end with said hopper, an air-blast connected with the saidsand-conveyipg pipe, an air-conveying pipe extending through said hopperand terminating in close proximity to said mixing-nozzle, and adischarge-nozzle connected with'said pipe and arranged directly within.said mixing-nozzle, substantially as and for the purposes set'forth.

13. In a sand-blast apparatus, the combination, with a casing having aninlet and an outlet, of a mixing-nozzle connected with said inlet, ahopper attached to said mixing-nozzle, a sand-conveying pipe connectedat one end with said outlet and at the other end with said hopper, anair-blast connected with the said sand-conveying pipe, an air-conveyingpipe extending through said hopper amterminating in close proximity tosaid mixing nozzle, a discharge-nozzle connected with said pipe, andmeans for adjustably arranging the said discharge-nozzle within saidmixing-nozzle,

substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

14. In a sand-blast apparatus, the combination, with a casing, and asand-conveying pipe connected with said casing,of a fitting 21 attachedto said conveying-pipe, an air-conveying pipe connected with saidfitting, and a bafile in said fitting, said bafiie having a screwportion with which said air-conveying p1pe is connected, substantiallyas and for the purw poses set forth. a

15. In a sand-blast apparatus, the combination, with a casing, and asand-conveying pipe connected with saidcasing, of a fitting 21 attachedto said conveying-pipe, an air-conveying pipe connected with saidfitting, and a coneshaped baflle in said fitting provided with anopening and said baflie having a screw portion with which saidair-conveying .pipe is connected, substantially as and for the purposesset forth. I

In testimony that I claim the invention set forth above I have hereuntoset my hand this 29th day of April, 1903.

VVILLIS R. KING. WNitnesses: FREDK. C. FBAENTZEL, Gno. D. RICHARDS.

